#CRACKING MIFARE ULTRALIGHT BLUETOOTH#
#CRACKING MIFARE ULTRALIGHT PLUS#

#CRACKING MIFARE ULTRALIGHT BLUETOOTH#

The NFC standard in particular is a type of passive HF tag.īluetooth architecture and topology is defined in Reference, where two forms of Bluetooth wireless technology systems are specified: Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate (BR/EDR) and Low Energy (BLE). There are passive RFID tags in all frequency ranges: LF, HF, UHF, and MW. From all these tags, this article is focused on passive tags. Read and Write (RW) data in memory block can be changed and read unlimited number of times). Write Once Read Many (WORM) manufacturer/product ID is supplemented with block of readable memory. RFID transponders can be classified by three criteria: operating frequency (low 125–134 kHz (LF), high 13.56 MHz (HF), ultra-high 860–960 MHz (UHF), and microwave 2.45–5.8 GHz (MW)), source of power (active, passive, battery-assisted passive), and memory type (Read Only (RO) memory block contains only manufacturer/product ID. RFID tags contain a small microchip and a transmitter or antenna, which can only be activated by a reader to which the tag returns its signal. RFID enables the automatic identification of objects using radio waves without the need of physical contact with the objects. Many applications like the smart home and industry automation will also benefit from Bluetooth Smart Mesh technology.

In 2018, nearly 4 billion devices ship with Bluetooth technology. With regard to Bluetooth technology, it has new markets as automotive, smart building, smart city, and smart home, which is highlighted with the recent release of Bluetooth mesh.

In addition, RFID cards such as the EM4100 features application environments such as logistics automation and the industrial transponder.

#CRACKING MIFARE ULTRALIGHT PLUS#

Actually, public transportation in many cities use the NFC card, Mifare Classic, Mifare Ultralight, Mifare Plus X, Mifare DESfire, and Mifare DESfire EV1 for access control. It is also important to remember that RFID includes Near Field Communication (NFC) as part of the standard. Other fields where RFID has a known implication are health care, animal identification, and the supply chain. RFID is one of the best positioned technologies to perform identification, which, in the last years, has gained a lot of popularity in applications like access control, payment cards, or logistics. In this context, two of the most widely used technologies in the IoT domain are RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and Bluetooth. IoT visualizes a completely connected world, where things are able to communicate and interact among each other. The Internet of Things (IoT) emerged with the objective of providing new intelligent services and commodities to facilitate our daily tasks. Thanks to these advances in chip design, sensors and actuators are currently cheap enough to be embedded in any device.

As a result, the number of available electronic devices has increased while their production costs have been reduced. The rapid evolution in miniaturization, electronics, and wireless communication technologies have contributed to essential and unprecedented advances in our society.

Cracking mifare ultralight